The European Union Intends To Strengthen The Deployment Of Photovoltaic Projects To Try To Catch Up With China
Aug 25, 2023
With the continuous improvement of people's awareness of green environmental protection, the global energy landscape has changed, and the photovoltaic industry has flourished. The study shows that despite strong market demand, the lack of clear policy support, dependence on raw materials, and high production costs hinder the localization of the European PV module manufacturing industry. China has dominated the global PV module supply chain for the past 15 years, but the global PV module manufacturing industry is changing as multiple emerging factors pose a threat to this dominance. These include increasing scrutiny of the sustainability and traceability of the supply chain of photovoltaic products, increasing competition for global subsidies, and announced plans by the United States, India and the European Union to provide financial support to local manufacturers. Pv markets around the world have recently used a range of policy levers to directly or indirectly support the growth of domestic PV manufacturing, including the US Inflation Reduction Act and India's base tariff and production-related incentive programs. In terms of providing incentives for photovoltaic manufacturing, Europe is lagging behind. The REpowerEU plan sets ambitious 2030 targets for the renewable energy sector, but does not offer more incentives to support PV manufacturing. The European Union's recently published Net-zero Industry Act (NZIA) proposal aims to stimulate local manufacturing. While this is a step forward, it could take up to two years for the European Commission to approve the policy. In other words, while the EU has set very ambitious targets for installing more renewable energy generation facilities in Europe by 2030, these targets will not automatically increase the demand for locally produced PV products. The gap in incentives between the US and the EU The United States leads both in terms of market timing and financial support, so the incentives offered by the United States have the potential to be a major risk for European manufacturing to scale up, as the United States has already received significant investment from major market players. The longer it takes for EU policies and incentives to be approved, the greater this risk becomes. Although the EU currently has little silicon rod or wafer production capacity, the EU has set a goal of achieving more than 45% self-sufficiency at all manufacturing nodes. To achieve these targets, the EU needs to add more than 40GW of silicon rod, wafer and photovoltaic cell capacity per year, and another 30GW of PV module capacity. To achieve this ambitious goal, the EU needs to introduce a combination of higher manufacturing incentives and entry barriers for low-cost imports (such as its proposed carbon border adjustment mechanism to penalize products with a higher carbon footprint), and possibly set quotas for local content in public tenders. Cost gap The large production ...
View More